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   Money to Play with
The coinage of the United Kingdom is changing. After almost 40 years, the current British coins will be replaced by a new set in summer 2008. On first sight, the new coin designs appear fairly unspectacular. They present the portrait of the Queen, and the Royal coat of arms. Just the 1-pound coin displays the Royal shield in its entirety, however ...   

 British Coins – Turning Their Back on the Continent?

 The Royal Mint

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   Saints in the Course of Time
Saints are not particularly prominent in the western world any more. The homo oeconomicus has much more faith in insurances and health funds than in intercessions of some long deceased. He is more interested in stars, royalties and celebrities than in preachers, martyrs and anchorites. And he does not believe in wonders, anyway ...   

 Saints on Swiss Coins

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   Theodore Roosevelt, Augustus Saint- Gaudens and America's Most Beautiful Coin
"I suppose I shall be impeached for it in Congress; but I shall regard that as a very cheap payment!" wrote Theodore Roosevelt in December 1906 in a letter to Augustus Saint-Gaudens. The object of President Roosevelt's enthusiasm was a coin – the most beautiful coin ever minted in the United States of America: the Saint-Gaudens Double Eagle ...

  

 How the Eagle Got on Coins
 A Brief Survey of the Monetary History of the United States

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   The New Seven Wonders of the World
Some time ago the MoneyMuseum reported about a popularity poll for the election of Seven New Wonders of the World. The election took place on 07/07/07 and drew a wide range of reaction worldwide – also from official, national side. Some countries touted their sites and tried to get more votes cast for it, while others downplayed the contest ...   

 The New Wonders of the World – Part 1
 The New Wonders of the World – Part 2
 The New 7 Wonders of the World

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   A Diamond of 7000 Carat?
Allegedly in South Africa the biggest diamond ever has been found. This, at least, is what the international media is reporting. The diamond is said to weigh about 7,000 carats, about 3.3 pounds (1.5 kilograms) thus. This means that the newly discovered diamond is estimated at twice the size of the Cullinan diamond, the largest precious stone ever found ...   

 South African Rand Coins – Donation by Cliff Gundle, London

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   The Swiss National Museum in Zurich
The neo-Gothic castle on the Limmat River in Zurich has been crumbling for a long time. When Zurich's master builder Gustav Gull constructed the Swiss National Museum in 1898, he paid more attention to style than to statics. Moreover, concrete was not as stable as it is today ...   

 Zurich People and Their Money: Coinage on the Limmat
 Coins of Zurich in the Baerengasse Museum
 Zurich on its Talers

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   Vale un Potosν: Worth a Fortune
In the course of the 16th century, the Spanish conquered the South American continent on their search for the gold of Eldorado. They did not find the legendary city. What they found, however, was a mountain full of silver, where the Incas had mined precious metals long before the Spanish came. The conquistadores called it Cerro Rico, the "Rich Mountain" ...   

 Spaniards in America

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   The Sicilian Phoenix
"Melior de cingere surgo" is the motto of the Sicilian city of Catania: "From the ashes I emerge more beautiful." This is not an empty phrase, since Catania is located on the foot of Mount Etna, the largest active volcano in Europe. After an eruption in the year 1669, parts of the city were buried under thick streams of lava. And less than a quarter century later, in 1693, an earthquake completely destroyed Catania ...   

 Litrae − Tiny Little Treasures from Sicily
 Coins from the Foot of Mount Etna

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   The Sushi Crisis
The Japanese like to eat fish: while the global annual consumption of fish is about 16 kilograms per head, Japanese eat about 70 kilograms every year. But since there are few and fewer fish in the oceans, prices rise rapidly. Many fear that sushi and sashimi – the Japanese national dishes made from raw fish – might soon be too expensive for numerous people ...   

 Money in Modern Japan

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   The Olympic Games 2008 and Chinese Tradition
The imperial palace in Beijing holds 9999 rooms: hundreds of halls and saloons, innumerable sleeping rooms for the emperor and the empress, the princesses and the princes, the concubines and the eunuchs. The "Forbidden City" was the residence of the Chinese emperors; from here, the Chinese Empire was ruled for centuries ...   

 Chinese Currency History – from Cowrie to Cash
 The Chinese Cash-Coin
 From Chinese Silver Ingots to the Yuan
 China – the Celestial Empire

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   The Owls of Athens
"Who is it brings an owl to Athens?" asked Aristophanes in 414 BC in his satiric comedy "The Birds." Owls, being the emblem of the extremely rich city, embellished the Athenian coins. These coins were therefore commonly known as owls, and because there were so many of them in Athens, it seemed pointless to bring more of them into the city ...   

 Images of Animals on Greek Coins – a Veritable Zoo

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   Local Currencies in the Lands of the Euro
In many European regions – though mainly in the German-speaking parts – different systems of regional monies have been developed over the last few years. These regional currencies all work slightly different. What they all have in common, however, is that they are used as so-called complementary currencies ...   

 Emergency Money, Supplementary Money, Complementary Money: Money in Different Forms

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   Cash in Europe, Plastic in the USA – what Is Stronger?
Cash is still popular in Europe. In the United States of America, however, newspapers or buns in the bakery are mostly paid with credit cards. Americans hardly carry any cash in their pockets: here, the transition to plastic money, to credit cards thus, has taken place almost entirely ...   

 World Currencies − the Kings among Coins
 The Swiss Euro

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   Mirrors with a Memory
The daguerreotype brought photography its first boom. Contemporaries were fascinated – and at the same time a little ill at ease: what if the people depicted were able to look out of the pictures all the same? For daguerreotypes came up at a time in which the possession of a mirror was a privilege by far not everybody could afford. Imagine thus what it must have meant to see a mirror image all of a sudden! "Mirrors with memories" were daguerreotypes therefore called ...   

 Portraits on Coins

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   A Mysterious Death in the Medici Family
In October 1587 the mortal remains of the 47-year-old grand duke Francesco I de' Medici and his second wife, Bianca Cappello, were buried in the little church Santa Maria a Bonistallo near Florence. The couple had died within only a few hours from each other – unexpectedly and under mysterious circumstances. Was it murder? Or did the grand duke and his wife die from one of those diseases still so common in early modern times? ...   

 The Medici Family and Their Florence

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   The “Tsar of Zurich”
No sooner had he joined politics than he became national councillor. When he needed money for his railroad projects, he founded a bank. To insure his railways, bridges and tunnels, he instituted an insurance company. And to train qualified technicians and engineers, he established a polytechnic institute ...

  

 Zurich People and Their Money: Coinage on the Limmat
 Money as Art – Swiss Banknotes of the Years 1911-1958
 Money as Design – Swiss Banknotes of the Years 1956-1974
 Money as Challenge for Safety − Swiss Banknotes since the 1970s

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   The Celts Make Headlines
Celtic culture is ancient and essentially vanished into thin air around the beginning of Common Era. Nevertheless from time to time, the Celts make the headlines – namely when archaeologists hit upon finds that shed new light on the highly developed civilization of the Celtic tribes who settled over large parts of Europe and Asia Minor during the bronze and iron ages ...   

 The Mysterious World of Celtic Coins

 The Mysterious World of the Celts

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   The Californian Gold Rush
The first Californian gold nugget was discovered in 1848 on the ranch New Helvetia of the Swiss Johann August Sutter. This trove triggered one of the biggest movements in the history of the Unites States: during the following months, more than half a million people set out westwards ...   

 A Brief Survey of the Monetary History of the United States

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   Computer in Ancient Greece
In the 1st century AD, the Roman politician Marcus Tullius Cicero mentioned a friend called Poseidonius, who could calculate the relative position of the sun, the moon and the five then known planets with an apparatus. As a gadget found in the Mediterranean recently proved, such complex calculating machines did actually exist in ancient Greece already ...   

 Mildenberg's Dream Collection

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   15 Per Cent Columbus in the Cathedral of Seville
For years, Seville in Spain and Santa Domingo, the capital of the Dominican Republic, have been quarreling about the remains of Christopher Columbus. Both cities claim to be the site of the famous voyagers grave ...   

 Spaniards in America
 From Pillar Dollars to Eagle Piasters − the History of the Peso

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   St Peter's Basilica: Higher, Bigger, Finer
At the beginning of the 16th century, the most important church of Christian Europe was a mere ruin. For 1200 years, the basilica built by Constantine the Great (306-337) had sheltered the legendary grave of St Peter, who was one of the twelve apostles of Jesus and, according to Christian tradition, the first bishop of Rome. Over that time, disturbances of history and ravages of time had damaged the church, although it had repeatedly been restored ...   

 Papal Coins

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   Transfer of Artistic Ideas from Ancient Times
Caravaggio and Rembrandt are the two great geniuses of baroque painting. They are famous for their forceful expression of powerful emotions, dramatic use of light and disturbing realism. Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (*1571, †1610) was an originator of baroque and the inventor of the famous "chiaroscuro," which was enhanced by Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (*1606, †1669) some decades later ...   

 World Currencies − the Kings among Coins
 The Ancestors of Helvetia
 How the Eagle Got on Coins

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   Cartoons and the Freedom of Press
The publications of cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad in Western papers arouse emotions worldwide. Hardly any Islamic preacher not decrying the mocking caricatures; hardly any Western newspaper not standing up for the freedom of press as an essential achievement of democratic societies. The atmosphere is tense, emotions are running high ...   

 Coins without Illustrations − Islamic Money

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   Caesar – the Exposure of a Myth
Reading Plutarch and Sueton, but also in history and Latin books, Gaius Julius Caesar is described as a political genius, as a statesman and a first class writer. Only his acceptance of the title as a dictator for life was considered as hubris. The rest is Shakespeare ...   

 Roman Bronze Coins – the Mass Media for Building Up the Emperor's Image
 How Did the Roman Emperors Look Like?
 The Denarius – Main Currency in Roman Times
 The Denarius – also in Medieval Times the Basis for Everyday Money
 Caesar, His Allies and His Enemies

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   An Ancient Gold Penny to remain in London
Its owner may have lost it on the marketplace. Maybe a boatman dropped it in the river. Or a feudal lord buried it with the intent of recovering it when danger had passed… we'll never know. The golden penny rested in the mud of the River Ivel, just 40 miles north of London, for 1200 years. Until a treasure hunter discovered the coin in 2001, using a metal detector ...   

 British Coins – Turning Their Back on the Continent?
 The Eldest Penny: the Primary Sceat from about 700 AD

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   Japans Problem with Tradition
Every beginning is feminine: the Japanese Imperial Family descends from the Shinto sun goddess Amaterasu ... at least, that's what the legend of the genesis of the Japanese Empire reports. In spite of the First Mother, however, Japanese traditionalists don't want a woman on the throne: only men are allowed to become emperors, but no boys have been born into the imperial family for the last 40 years. Hence, Japan's government has pledged to submit a new law, letting women ascend to the throne in order to avert a crisis of succession. This enrages the country's small but influential nationalist right wing ...   

 Money in the Land of the Rising Sun I: The Copper Coins of Ancient Japan
 Money in the Land of the Rising Sun II: Japan's Road to the Yen
 Money in the Land of the Rising Sun III: The Yen

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   Clay Tablets
Every now and then, the interested reader finds account on newly discovered writing – at any one time supposed to be the "oldest ever." Thus, in 2003 researchers in China uncovered symbols on tortoise shells believed to be 8600 years old. While their finders believe them to be the oldest writing ever discovered hitherto, other experts doubt so ...   

 From Cuneiform to the Internet

 Clay Tablets

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   Salzburg's Treasure - once and today
Think of Salzburg, and Mozart (quickly) comes to mind. This is especially so in 2006, when the city proudly celebrates the 250th anniverary of the birth of its most famous son, arguably the greatest musical genius of all time ...   

 Cuisine in the High Middle Ages
 The Quintessence of Salt
 Salt – the White Gold

 Mozart 2006

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   Test Your Knowledge with Our Quizzes
Seen from a historical perspective the quiz is a very recent phenomenon. It developed with television. But no other kind of game is loved by so many people ...   

 Quizzes of the MoneyMuseum

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   Our Coin Collection
Welcome to our coin collection! Here the coins of the MoneyMuseum will tell you everything about their historical background ...   

 Our Coin Collection
 To the Coin Catalogue
 To the Coin Tours

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   The History of Money
Money is beautiful, money is interesting, money allows freedom – but like a spinning top it must be kept in motion. Hoard it and you are enslaved ...   

 The History of Money

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   Occidental Currencies at a Glance
The list of currencies represented at the MoneyMuseum doesn’t quite reach from A to Z, but almost from antoninianus to uncia ...   

 Currencies of the Classical World
 Medieval Currencies
 Currencies of Modern Times

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   Feelings of Guilt and Debts
Giving and taking are central human needs. Both can make us contented and happy, both can sow discord and arouse feelings of shame and guilt – not least when money is involved ...   

 Money and the Psyche: The Human Being in the Field of Tension between Giving and Taking
 Money and Debts

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   Swiss Banknotes as Mirror of Its Time
Since 1907 the Swiss National Bank has been responsible for eight series of banknotes. The very first of them were printed, the forth and seventh were mere substitutes that never went into circulation. However, banknotes are always of political significance and a testimony to the ever changing spirit of the times ...   

 Swiss Banknotes History

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   Picture Tours to the Origins of Christianity
"Amongst other things Christianity developed out of the antique mystery religions," says Ursula Kampmann, a specialist in antiquity, "and this precisely when ...   

 A Journey in Pictures through Greek Religion
 A Journey in Pictures through the Mystery Religions
 A Journey in Pictures through Roman Religion
 A Journey in Pictures: Christianity Conquers Rome

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   Historical Maps from Antiquity, the Middle Ages and Modern Times
If you happen to drive a car you will no doubt have experienced driving through unfamiliar scenery and trying to find your way by looking at a map. You soon find out how good you are at map reading ...   

 Historical Maps – Antiquity
 Historical Maps – Middle Ages
 Historical Maps – Modern Times

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   The Most Beautiful Coins
Beauty is a matter of taste rather than an objective quality. That goes also for the beauty and expressiveness of coins ...   

 Best of Europe I: Europe’s Most Beautiful Coins from Antiquity to the Renaissance
 Best of Europe II: Europe's Most Beautiful Coins from the Renaissance to Modern Times
 Portraits on Coins

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   What Money Personality Am I?
Practically nobody is ambivalent about the subject money. Either we love it or we hate it. Our fears, life plans, wishes and expectations are all dependant on money. Just check out yourself and your friends ...   

 What Money-Personality am I?

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